Yog tias koj koom nrog hauv kev faib hluav taws xob, kev tsim khoom lag luam, lossis lub zog tauj dua tshiab, koj tau hnov cov lus transformer. Tab sis dab tsi yog lub transformer, thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas?
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav piav qhia cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim - tsis muaj cov qauv yooj yim, tsuas yog kev paub zoo rau cov neeg yuav khoom thiab engineers.
1. Dab tsi yog Transformer?
Lub transformer yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas hloov lub zog ntawm ob lossis ntau lub voj voog los ntawm electromagnetic induction. Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog hloov cov qib voltage - txawm tias nce (nce) lossis nqis nqis (qis) hloov tam sim no (AC) voltage.
Xav txog nws zoo li lub iav iav rau hluav taws xob. Nws tso cai rau lub hwj chim mus rau qhov zoo tshaj qhov kev ncua deb (high voltage) thiab tom qab ntawd raug txo kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov tsev thiab cov chaw tsim khoom (tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob).
2. Lub Transformer ua haujlwm li cas?
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm yog raws li Faraday Txoj Cai ntawm Electromagnetic Induction. Ntawm no yog ib qho yooj yim tawg:
Lub transformer muaj ob coils ntawm hlau: thawj winding thiab theem nrab winding.
Cov coils no yog qhwv ib ncig ntawm ib qho hlau core.
Thaum AC tam sim no ntws mus rau hauv thawj winding, nws tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus hauv cov tub ntxhais.
Qhov no hloov magnetic teb induces ib tug voltage nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding.
Qhov sib piv ntawm kev hloov ntawm ob lub windings txiav txim siab seb qhov voltage nce lossis nqis.
Piv txwv:
Yog tias thawj zaug muaj 100 lem thiab qhov thib ob muaj 10 lem, cov zis voltage yog 1/10 ntawm cov tswv yim - ib kauj ruam down transformer.
3. Cov Cheebtsam tseem ceeb ntawm Transformer
|
Cheebtsam |
Muaj nuj nqi |
|
Core |
Muab txoj hauv kev rau kev sib nqus flux; ua los ntawm silicon steel |
|
Cua txias |
Tooj liab los yog txhuas coils uas nqa tam sim no |
|
Rwb thaiv tsev |
Tiv thaiv hluav taws xob luv ntawm windings |
|
Tank |
Tsev cov tub ntxhais thiab windings; puv nrog roj nyob rau hauv cov roj immersed hom |
|
Bushings |
Insulated terminals rau txuas cov xov hlau sab nraud |
|
Txias qhov system |
Radiators, kiv cua, los yog twj tso kua mis kom dissipate cua sov |
4. Hom Hom Hloov Hloov
Ntawm no yog cov feem ntau siv transformer hom nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim systems:
|
Hom |
Kev piav qhia |
Daim ntawv thov |
|
Roj Rau |
Core thiab windings submerged nyob rau hauv insulating roj |
Sab nraum zoov substations, hnyav kev lag luam |
|
Hom qhuav |
Cua txias, tsis muaj roj |
Sab hauv tsev, tsev kho mob, cov chaw zov me nyuam |
|
Pad Mounted |
Hauv av theem enclosure, tamper pov thawj |
Cov chaw nyob, chaw lag luam |
|
Ncej Mounted |
Mounted ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob |
Kev faib tawm nyob deb nroog |
|
Kauj Ruam |
Nce voltage |
Fais fab nroj tsuag rau cov kab sib txuas |
|
Kauj ruam |
Txo qhov voltage |
Substations rau cov neeg siv kawg |
|
Nws pib Transformer |
Ib leeg winding nrog kais |
Kev tswj hluav taws xob, railways |
|
Kev rho tawm Transformer |
Hluav taws xob cais tawm tswv yim los ntawm cov zis |
Kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej rhiab heev |
5. Vim li cas Transformers tseem ceeb?
Yog tsis muaj transformers, daim phiaj hluav taws xob niaj hnub yuav tsis muaj. Lawv pab:
Kev xa hluav taws xob ntev ntev nrog kev poob qis
Muaj kev nyab xeeb voltage theem rau tsev, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab chaw ua haujlwm
Kev koom ua ke ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab (hnub ci, cua) rau hauv daim phiaj
Txhim khu kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam machinery thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw
6. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb kom paub thaum yuav lub Transformer
Yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav ib lub transformer, ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov kev txwv no:
Peev Xwm (kVA lossis MVA) - Lub zog npaum li cas nws tuaj yeem ua tau
Voltage ratio - Input / output voltage
Zaus - 50Hz lossis 60Hz (nyob ntawm lub teb chaws)
Impedance - cuam tshuam rau luv luv Circuit Court tam sim no
Txias txoj kev - ONAN, ONAF, thiab lwm yam.
Cov qauv - IEEE, IEC, CSA, CE, thiab lwm yam.
Xav tau kev pab xaiv lub Transformer?
Ntawm Union Power, peb muab ntau yam kev hloov pauv rau cov haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias koj xav tau roj immersed, hom qhuav, los yog kev cai tsim, peb tuaj yeem pab.
Tiv tauj peb rau kev sib tham dawb lossis ib nqe lus hnub no.
